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A. Ahmad
A. Host-Madsen
J. Giglmayr
Kwang Mong Sim
L. Ludman
R. S. Ramakrishna
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Blocking Effect Reduction Techniques for Image Coding
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 Blocking Effect Reduction-537.pdf (1MB)
  
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Acknowledgment
Keywords
Blocking Effect, LOT, Optimum Filter
Abstract
One of the most efficient methods for image data compression is transform coding. Although the Karhunen-Loeve Transform (KLT) is known to be optimal, it is difficult to implement. Therefore, we usually employ the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) for image coding. In transform coding, image is divided into sub-images or blocks which are partial scenes of the original image, and then they are processed independently. Each block is transformed by a unitary transform, and the coefficients of the transform are quantized and transmitted. At the receiver, the coefficients are reconstructed by inverse quantization, and the inverse transformation is applied to obtain an approximation of the original block. Since each block is processed independently, discontinuities occur along the block boundaries. This phenomenon is known as the blocking effect. In low bit rate image coding, this blocking effect becomes very annoying to the human viewer. In order to reduce the blocking effect, various methods have been developed, such as the Lapped Orthogonal Transform (LOT), an overlapping block method, an interleaving block method and a post-filtering method. However, each of those approaches has some drawbacks: the overlapping block method increases the bit rate, the interleaving block method loses some degree of pixel correlation, and the post-filtering method that employs the inverse gradient filter or the Gaussian lowpass filter reduces the sharpness of the image. In this paper, we propose two new schemes for reducing the blocking effect. The blocking effect which results from the independent processing of each block can be reduced by utilizing some correlation from the adjacent blocks and compensating the quantization errors of the transform coefficients. We compare the performance of our proposed schemes with those of other blocking effect reduction algorithms.
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